Nowadays, the quality standards of higher education institutions pay special attention to the performance and evaluation of the students. Then, having a complete academic record of each student, such as number of attempts, average grade and so on, plays a key role. In this context, the existence of missing data, which can happen for different reasons, leads to affect adversely interesting future analysis. Therefore, the use of imputation techniques is presented as a helpful tool to estimate the value of missing (...) data. This work deals with the academic records of engineering students, in which imputation techniques are applied. More specifically, it is assessed and compared to the performance of the multivariate imputation by chained equations methodology, the adaptive assignation algorithm based on multivariate adaptive regression splines and a hybridization based on self-organisation maps with Mahalanobis distances and AAA algorithm. The results show that proposed methods obtain successfully results regardless the number of missing values, in general terms. (shrink)

Imagining Dewey' features productive (re)interpretations of 21st century experience using the lens of John Dewey's 'Art as Experience', through the doubled task of putting an array of international philosophers, educators, and artists-researchers in transactional dialogue and on equal footing in an academic text. This book is a pragmatic attempt to encourage application of aesthetic learning and living, ekphrasic interpretation, critical art and agonist pluralism.0There are two foci: (a) Deweyan philosophy and educational themes with (b) analysis and examples of how educators, (...) artists, and researchers envision and enact artful meaning making. This structure meets the needs of university and high school audiences, who are accustomed to learning about challenging ideas through multimedia and aesthetic experience.00Contributors are: James M. Albrecht, Adam I. Attwood, John Baldacchino, Carolyn L. Berenato, M. Cristina Di Gregori, Holly Fairbank, Jim Garrison, Amanda Gulla, Bethany Henning, Jessica Heybach, David L. Hildebrand, Ellyn Lyle, Livio Mattarollo, Christy McConnell Moroye, Maria-Isabel Moreno-Montoro, Maria Martinez Morales, Stephen M. Noonan, Louise G. Phillips, Scott L. Pratt, Joaquin Roldan, Leopoldo Rueda, Tadd Ruetenik, Leisa Sasso, Bruce Uhrmacher, David Vessey, Ricardo Marin Viadel, Sean Wiebe, Li Xu and Martha Patricia Espiritu Zavalza. (shrink)

This paper considers the process of becoming an international public intellectual, taking the case of Maria Montessori (1870–1952), the Italian physician who became an authority on education and, u...

This article carried out an analysis from the hermeneutical category of the symbol in the novel Blindness by José Saramago, following Paul Ricoeur, in which the symbols of sin, stain and guilt were chosen to be developed after defining the relevance and the impact of the category of analysis on current situations in our society. Making use not only of the texts referring to Ricoeur's hermeneutics, but also of The Symbolic of Evil, a conceptual journey is proposed to elucidate how (...) the senses and meanings of the symbols of evil are configured in our culture and, through this understanding, address the situation of the symbolic apparatus of Saramago's novel. Carrying out an analysis of these hermeneutical categories in a novel such as Blindness becomes the opportunity to show a different meaning and sense of a novel that has clearly shown its relevance in previous times and that today, in the middle of a pandemic, invites us to rethink that world and to face the fact of understanding our own blindness and the blindness of the world in the midst of a dizzying speed that requires us to assume our reality in another way. In the words of Ricoeur, the symbol gives food for thought and it is time for us to think through our own symbols about the reality that is presented to us in Saramago's novel and to extrapolate it to the realities that are configured every day in our Western world. (shrink)

En este artículo se explican algunos de los métodos analíticos utilizados en dos museos históricos: Arqueológico Nacional y Museo Nacional del Prado. Desde su creación, están dotados de “talleres” de restauración que, de forma paulatina, se han ido transformando en laboratorios. Los tratamientos antiguos ofrecen datos muy valiosos al restaurador para extraer información de la evolución de los criterios y productos empleados, pero actualmente los tratamientos en los museos tienen que auxiliarse de la ciencia y las técnicas analíticas. Actualmente la (...) restauración es una vía fundamental para investigar sobre la conservación de nuestros fondos museísticos. Los exámenes previos a cualquier intervención son indispensables para conocer la composición material de los objetos, sus técnicas de fabricación, causas de alteración y determinar el tratamiento más adecuado a cada caso. La colaboración entre los departamentos de conservación e instituciones dotadas de laboratorios especializados es primordial para documentar científicamente los procesos de restauración. (shrink)

Advances in perinatology have permitted the survival of fragile neonates. Quality of life has been considered a key element in medical decision-making. In this review we analyse the role of Q...

The symbols of the Feminine throughout the dystopian novel The Handmaid’s Tale are the object of study of the article. It is argued that feminine symbology is a unifying thread that makes possible an analysis of the main features of dystopian societies and the possibility of a critical dystopia. The category of analysis is the symbol understood from the perspective of Ricoeur’s hermeneutics of symbols, which proposes that the understanding of a text should be based on what they pretend to (...) say. Therefore, the symbols of the Feminine make possible the resistance within dystopian regimes, and without resistance there is no dystopia. As a result, it is possible through the symbols of the Feminine to interpret the main features of dystopias and, particularly, to develop the possibility of a feminist critical dystopia. (shrink)

Purpose Given the considerable challenges posed by disinformation to both society and journalism, how do news media outlets in Hispanic America and Spain address this pervasive global phenomenon? The purpose of this study is to evaluate the extent to which these outlets embrace recommendations from academic, professional and institutional spheres for countering false contents. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative content analysis was used using variables linked to transparency, verification and potential errors incurred. This study comprehensively analyses the ethical codes of 34 digital (...) native outlets spanning 12 Hispanic American countries (Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela), as well as Spain. Findings The key findings reveal significant variations in adherence to the recommended guidelines. Particularly striking is the disparity between compliance with transparency and verification compared to notably higher adherence to measure aimed at rectifying errors. This exploratory study paves the way for further research on additional countries. Originality/value Ethical codes are a fundamental instrument of media accountability. Nevertheless, their utility in the fight against misinformation has barely been addressed. This study is pioneering in the field of disinformation and ethical codes within digital native media outlets in Hispanic America and Spain. (shrink)

This article seeks to explore the theoretical contributions of Axel Honneth, particularly in his works, The Struggle for Recognition and Reification, aiming at diving deep into the debate on the contemporary ideological expressions and their incidence in the process of subjective constitution in teenage years. This particular interest springs from the need to interweave the concepts of reification, forgetfulness and recognition within a fruitful theoretical field in order to interpret a project work called Hip-Hop: cultures and identities, developed with teenagers (...) in a public school in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. From our point of view, the concepts of reification and forgetfulness are fundamental to identify how the conservative ideological expressions are present in the imaginary of adolescents in the contemporary world. Although rereading the concepts of reification and forgetfulness, as proposed by the author, is regarded as essential for understanding the ideological expressions that are based on and guided by consumption. However, even though we acknowledge Honneth's efforts toward moving forward with the concept of reification, it is crucial to emphasize the mediation concept Lukács explored in his work, History and Class Consciousness, so as to elucidate how the forgetfulness of the primary recognition relations is processed. (shrink)

Background: In the last decades, there have been important developments in the scientific and technological areas of healthcare. On certain occasions this provokes conflict between the patients' rights and the values of healthcare professionals which brings about, within this clinical relationship, the problem of conscientious objection. Aims: To learn the opinions that the Nurses of the Madrid Autonomous Community have regarding conscientious objection. Research design: Cross-cutting descriptive study. Participants and research context: The nurses of 9 hospitals and 12 Health Centers (...) in the Madrid Autonomous Community. The study was done by means of an auto completed anonymous questionnaire. The variables studied were social-demographical and their opinions about conscientious objections. Ethical considerations: The study was approved by the Ethical Community of Clinical Research of the University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias. Participants were assured of maximum confidentiality and anonymity. Findings: A total of 421 nurses answered the questionnaire. In total, 55.6% of the nurses confirmed they were religious believers, and 64.3% declared having poor knowledge regarding conscientious objection. The matters that caused the greatest objections were voluntary abortions, genetic embryo selection, refusal of blood transfusions, and therapy refusal. Discussion: Different authors state that the most significant cases of conscientious objections for health professionals are those regarding carrying out or assisting in abortions, euthanasia, the practice of assisted reproduction and, finally, the prescription and dispensing of the morning-after pill. In our study, the most significant cases in which the nurses would declare conscientious objections would be the refusal to accept treatment, the selection of embryos after genetic diagnosis preimplantation, the patient’s refusal to receive blood transfusions due to religious reasons and pregnant women’s request for voluntary abortions within the first 14 weeks. Conclusion: Nurses’ religious beliefs influence their opinions regarding conscientious objection. The nurses who declare themselves as religious believers object in a higher percentage than those without religious beliefs. (shrink)

The acquisition and evolution of speech production, discourse and communication can be negatively impacted by brain malformations. We describe, for the first time, a case of developmental dynamic dysphasia (DDD) in a right-handed adolescent boy (subject D) with cortical malformations involving language-eloquent regions (inferior frontal gyrus) in both the left and the right hemispheres. Language evaluation revealed a markedly reduced verbal output affecting phonemic and semantic fluency, phrase and sentence generation and verbal communication in everyday life. Auditory comprehension, repetition, naming, (...) reading and spelling were relatively preserved, but executive function was impaired. Multimodal neuroimaging showed a malformed cerebral cortex with atypical configuration and placement of white matter tracts bilaterally and abnormal callosal fibers. Dichotic listening showed right hemisphere dominance for language and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) additionally revealed dissociated hemispheric language representation with right frontal activation for phonology and bilateral dominance for semantic processing. Moreover, subject D also had congenital mirror movements (CMM), defined as involuntary movements of one side of the body that mirror intentional movements of the other side. Transcranial magnetic stimulation and fMRI during voluntary unimanual (left and right) hand movements showed bilateral motor cortex recruitment and tractography revealed a lack of decussation of bilateral corticospinal tracts. Genetic testing aimed to detect mutations that disrupt the development of commissural tracts correlating with CMM (e.g., Germline DCC mutations) was negative. Overall, our findings suggest that DDD in subject D resulted from the underdevelopment of the left inferior frontal gyrus with limited capacity for plastic reorganization by its homologous counterpart in the right hemisphere. Corpus callosum anomalies probably contributed to hinder interhemispheric connectivity necessary to compensate language and communication deficits after left frontal involvement. (shrink)

O presente artigo tem por objetivo investir em uma abordagem critica e reflexiva acerca da parcela de contribuição deixada por alguns filósofos contemporâneos, sobre a valorização do aproveitamento e uso racional dos alimentos de forma integral, evitando o desperdício. Trata-se de uma reflexão descritiva estruturada em quatro seções. Desde décadas passadas já existiam alertas sobre o uso racional dos recursos naturais e o desperdício de alimentos, e o Brasil por ser grande produtor de frutas tropicais a nível mundial, aproveitar cascas, (...) sementes e talos de frutas, para produção de alimentos alternativos e seguros, é uma boa alternativa para minimizar os impactos ambientais e a fome. Palavras-chave: Morin; Latouche; Filosofia; Geografia da fome; Resíduos de frutas. (shrink)

Our goal in this paper is to articulate a precise concept of at least a certain kind of disease-mongering, showing how pharmaceutical marketing can commercially exploit certain diseases when their best definition is given through the success of a treatment in a clinical trial. We distinguish two types of disease-mongering according to the way they exploit the definition of the trial population for marketing purposes. We argue that behind these two forms of disease-mongering there are two well-known problems in the (...) statistical methodology of clinical trials (the reference class problem and the distinction between statistical and clinical significance). Overcoming them is far from simple. (shrink)

El Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos ha rechazado que el artículo 2 del Convenio Europeo de Derechos Humanos (derecho a la vida) incluya un derecho a morir; en cambio, ha reconocido que el artículo 8 del mismo Convenio (derecho a la vida privada) comprende la autodeterminación de la persona sobre cómo y cuándo poner fin a su vida. Sin embargo, como explicamos en este trabajo, los presupuestos conceptuales en que apoya su interpretación del derecho a la vida privada son discutibles (...) y, en consecuencia, es dudoso que este derecho sirva de fundamento, de “caballo de Troya”, para legitimar/legalizar la eutanasia (activa, particularmente). (shrink)

This article is an extended promenade strolling along the winding roads of identity, equality, nameability and completeness, looking for places where they converge. We have distinguished between identity and equality; the first is a binary relation between objects while the second is a symbolic relation between terms. Owing to the central role the notion of identity plays in logic, you can be interested either in how to define it using other logical concepts or in the opposite scheme. In the first (...) case, one investigates what kind of logic is required. In the second case, one is interested in the definition of the other logical concepts in terms of the identity relation, using also abstraction. The present paper investigates whether identity can be introduced by definition arriving to the conclusion that only in full higher-order logic a reliable definition of identity is possible. However, the definition needs the standard semantics and we know that with this semantics completeness is lost. We have also studied the relationship of equality with comprehension and extensionality and pointed out the relevant role played by these two axioms in Henkin’s completeness method. We finish our paper with a section devoted to general semantics, where the role played by the nameable hierarchy of types is the key in Henkin’s completeness method. (shrink)

El objetivo de este trabajo es visualizar la evolución de la evaluación del nivel de logro académico de los estudiantes en las políticas públicas colombianas de 1968 a 2020, a la luz del cierre de brechas sociales, económicas y educativas que posibiliten la convivencia pacífica, el respeto a los derechos humanos y la inclusión genuina. Con una metodología mixta, se obtuvo que la evaluación pasó del resultado sumativo a un enfoque formativo y significativo, pero los resultados están distanciados de las (...) metas en las políticas públicas que pretenden acercar a los estudiantes colombianos a una mejor calidad de vida. (shrink)

En este trabajo busco exponer que la crítica de la modernidad de Walter Benjamin ampara una dimensión natural en tanto material residual y arruinado de la dialéctica sujeto-objeto. Para ello, primero, aludo la crisis racional moderna en función del empobrecimiento de la experiencia y el conocimiento, cuya consecuencia se traduce en la tristeza natural y un desbalance subjetivista. A continuación, exploro el materialismo benjaminiano en función de la configuración mercantil de los objetos en el marco del capitalismo. Finalmente, presento la (...) modalidad dual de la técnica y la cuestión de la historia natural. Así, espero mostrar que el materialismo benjaminiano no se detiene en la exposición de la objetividad arruinada, sino que abre una vía racional en la que la naturaleza derruida constituye una materia inacabada de la objetividad, índice de un conocimiento del porvenir no antropocéntrico y, por eso, fundamento para una experiencia histórica divergente. (shrink)

Este artículo sostiene que, a partir del contraste tácito entre obra de arte y naturaleza, Walter Benjamin y Theodor Adorno exploran una estética en la que el proceder antropocéntrico y subjetivista asociado al desencantamiento del mundo retrocede. El propósito del texto, entonces, consiste en articular diversos elementos provenientes de las filosofías de ambos pensadores para configurar un montaje conceptual que evidencie un tratamiento de la relación entre el objeto artístico y el natural, relación que fundamenta la potencia de la experiencia (...) estética como enclave crítico de la razón moderna. A tal fin, en primer lugar, se indica la determinación antropocéntrica de la razón moderna y la especificidad que cobra el objeto artístico en relación a ella. Luego, se señala la remisión de la experiencia estética al objeto natural. Finalmente, se explica la dinámica entre objeto artístico y naturaleza, ampliando su noción. Así, se espera explicitar algunas de las discusiones en relación a la tensión arte-naturaleza a partir de las cuales Adorno y Benjamin buscan desmontar las aporías del antropocentrismo racional. (shrink)

"Como pensar hoje na escrita da história? Como enfrentar a página em branco que não se apresenta como um espaço neutro, mas um espaço onde quem escreve - o historiador - deixa rastros do passado e também os seus próprios rastros? Essas são algumas das questões colocadas pelos ensaios que compõem "Arte e pensamento: operações historiográficas". Num primeiro momento, são fornecidos o ritmo, o tom e os compassos por meio de discussões e reflexões sobre uma teoria da experiência para a (...) escrita da história, sobre a historicidade do artístico, sobre o inespecífico do contemporâneo, sobre o pensamento na fronteira, sobre a nomeação dos anônimos em Machado de Assis. A partir dessas harmonizações dissonantes e consoantes, iniciam-se 3 operações que delineiam o segundo momento do livro, cuja intenção maior é fazer operar a escrita da história na imbricada conjunção história-arte-pensamento."--Contratapa. (shrink)

Research on mental health of non-professional caregivers has focused on caregivers of people with specific diseases, especially dementia. Less is known about caregivers of people with other diseases. The aims of this study were (a) to determine the caregivers’ emotional state in a random sample of caregivers of people in situations of dependency, (b) to analyze the association between each disease of the care-recipient (a variety of 23 diseases included in the International Classification of Diseases) and the emotional state of (...) the caregiver, and (c) based on the theoretical model, to analyze the relationship of the different study variables in the appearance of the emotional distress of the caregiver. A sample of 491 non-professional caregivers was selected randomly (89.0% women, average age 55.3 years). Trained psychologists collected sociodemographic and care-related characteristics and evaluated the global emotional distress, somatic symptoms, anxiety-insomnia, social dysfunction, depression, probable mental disorder case, self-esteem and social support. It was found that (a) the caregivers showed moderate emotional distress, and 33.8% presented a probable mental disorder. (b) Caring for a care-recipient with cat's cry syndrome or epilepsy was related to suffering from social dysfunction, and caring for a care-recipient with autism was related to having a probable mental health case. (c) Social support mediated the relationship between social class, daily hours of care, monthly family income, self-esteem and global emotional distress. There is an important impact on the emotional state of the caregivers. This impact was similar in caregivers of care-recipients with different diseases, except in caregivers caring for a care-recipient with cat's cry syndrome or epilepsy (related to social dysfunction), and in caregivers caring for a care-recipient with autism (related to having a probable mental health case). (shrink)

El presente artículo centra su atención en dos textos de la producción temprana de Walter Benjamin, Sobre el lenguaje en general y el lenguaje de los humanos y Para una crítica de la violencia, con el fin de detectar ciertas huellas conceptuales vinculadas al pensamiento kantiano. A partir de ellas se bosquejan algunos fragmentos del panorama teórico dentro del cual Walter Benjamin plantea aquella tensión tan particularmente dialéctica mediante la que, a pesar de objetar la ilustración, reivindica la crítica como (...) el modo inexcusable de actualizarse el pensamiento filosófico. (shrink)

El pensamiento y la actividad del movimiento feminista se ha traducido en una conquista de realidades nuevas y diferentes tendentes a lograr la transformación de la situación de dependencia y sumisión de las mujeres respecto a los hombres. Si bien es cierto que a lo largo de este proceso de emancipación las mujeres han cosechado un innegable éxito en las sociedades democráticas, al menos en lo que se refiere a la construcción legislativa, se mantiene una desigual posición de hombres y (...) mujeres en ámbitos diversos. En este sentido, la aplicación de la Ley de Dependencia, ejemplo en nuestro país de ampliación de los derechos sociales, puede tener el efecto no deseado de contribuir al mantenimiento de los roles tradicionales de hombres y mujeres. (shrink)

Se describe una propuesta de intervención comunitaria en convivencia escolar, a partir de los resultados obtenidos en una investigación previa (Rodríguez, Vaca, Hewitt & Martínez, 2009) que buscaba caracterizar las formas de interacción en un contexto escolar. Si bien el punto de partida lo constitu..

Obituario de nuestro compañero Rogelio Rubio.

Ethical issues are very relevant in the field of women’s, gender and/or feminist studies. The aim of this article is to highlight the ethical challenges faced by the authors in their research process, with specific reference to two projects on gender and disasters in which they have been involved. In general, we try to avoid sexist bias throughout the complete research process, from the definition of the objectives themselves to the methodology design, where we ensure diversity in the selection of (...) participants in order to take into consideration the variety of voices present in society, especially those of women. Also, when developing our research, we take into account the power relationships involved, both between those who participate in the fieldwork and with the researchers themselves. To counteract the effects of such relations, we have considered people’s wellbeing and the humanization of the whole process. Finally, when it comes to the dissemination of the results and their transfer to society at large, we follow the same principles and actively integrate the people involved. Considering these issues benefits the research process and makes the resultant knowledge more ethical and socially useful, in addition to promoting more egalitarian gender relations. (shrink)

El siguiente trabajo tiene como objetivo principal describir y analizar la percepción de Manuel Baldomero Ugarte sobre Estados Unidos. Ugarte fue literato y político, pero también fue un pensador interesado por los asuntos internacionales de América Latina. Evidencia de ello son sus propuestas integracionistas y antiimperialistas, en las cuales la presencia de Estados Unidos era evidente. Debido a lo anterior, se estima conveniente explicar qué pensó Ugarte sobre la nación norteamericana, y desde esa perspectiva, contribuir a la discusión sobre tan (...) trascendental intelectual latinoamericano. The purpose of this work is to describe and analyze the perception of Manuel Baldomero Ugarte about the United States. Ugarte was a writer and a politician, but it was also a thinker interested in the Latin America’s international affairs. Testimony of this are his integrationist and anti-imperialist proposals, in which the U.S. presence was evident. Thus, it is considered advisable to explain what he thought about the American nation, and from this perspective, to contribute to the discussion around this important Latin American intellectual. (shrink)

Este trabajo muestra una concurrencia patente en la resonancia de las categorías ‘industria cultural’ [Kulturindustrie] –empleada por Theodor Adorno para indicar ciertas zonas de la dialéctica subjetiva– e ‘industria de recreo’ [Vergnügungsindustrie] –referida por Walter Benjamin en relación a la dialéctica objetiva–. Me detengo en esta poco explorada concomitancia para determinar por qué Adorno evidencia una dialéctica de la subjetividad administrada en la renuncia sacrificial y Benjamin elabora una dialéctica de la objetividad fetichizada signada por su carácter de fantasmagoría cadavérica. (...) Así, señalo una dimensión de la incardinación entre la veta expansiva de la racionalidad moderna y la instrumentalización de sujetos y objetos. (shrink)

Background: Serious games have shown positive results in increasing motivation, adherence to treatment and strengthening the therapeutic alliance in multiple psychiatric disorders. In particular, patients with impulse control disorders and other disorders in which the patient suffers from inhibitory control deficits have been shown to benefit from serious games.Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics and to evaluate the usability of a new serious videogame, e-Estesia. This serious videogame was designed to improve emotion regulation in patients (...) with gambling disorder. Preliminary results from a pilot sample are also reported.Method: A pilot sample of 26 patients undergoing treatment for GD was recruited. Participants used e-Estesia on a tablet, which was connected to a thoracic band that sent heart rate and heart rate variability data to the videogame platform in order to provide biofeedback. The System Usability Scale was completed by patients to determine the usability of e-Estesia.Results and Discussion: e-Estesia performed comparatively well for all the explored groups. Around 84.6% of the patients endorsed that it was easy to use. Female patients with GD presented higher HRV during the use of the serious videogame compared to men. (shrink)

This article is a continuation of our promenade along the winding roads of identity, equality, nameability and completeness. We continue looking for a place where all these concepts converge. We assume that identity is a binary relation between objects while equality is a symbolic relation between terms. Identity plays a central role in logic and we have looked at it from two different points of view. In one case, identity is a notion which has to be defined and, in the (...) other case, identity is a notion used to define other logical concepts. In our previous paper, [16], we investigated whether identity can be introduced by definition arriving to the conclusion that only in full higher-order logic with standard semantics a reliable definition of identity is possible. In the present study we have moved to modal logic and realized that here we can distinguish in the formal language between two different equality symbols, the first one shall be interpreted as extensional genuine identity and only applies for objects, the second one applies for non rigid terms and has the characteristic of synonymy. We have also analyzed the hybrid modal logic where we can introduce rigid terms by definition and can express that two worlds are identical by using the nominals and the @ operator. We finish our paper in the kingdom of identity where the only primitives are lambda and equality. Here we show how other logical concepts can be defined in terms of the identity relation. We have found at the end of our walk a possible point of convergence in the logic Equational Hybrid Propositional Type Theory, [14] and [15]. (shrink)

This chapter examines Bunge’s distinction between the logical concept of existence and the ontological one. We introduce a new conceptual existence predicate in an intensional environment that depends on the evaluation world. So that we can investigate restricted areas where the different kinds of concepts might exist. We hope this new predicate would encompass Bunge’s philosophical position which he designates as conceptualist and fictional materialism. The basic hybridization acts as a bridge between intensions and extensions because @ works as a (...) useful rigidifier. In hybrid logic, the accessibility relation and many properties this relation might have can be easily expressed in the formal language. The initial hypothesis is that hybridization and intensionality can serve as unifying tools in the areas involved in this research; namely, Logic, Philosophy of Science and Linguistics. (shrink)

Este artículo se centra en ciertas reflexiones tempranas de la filosofía de Walter Benjamin y sostiene que en ellas se advierte un pasaje del concepto de verdad comprendido como misterio [Geheimnis] a uno en que la verdad es abordada en cuanto enigma [Rätsel]. En primer lugar, se establece la determinación de la preminencia subjetivista de la modernidad y se muestra en qué sentido el programa benjaminiano de una filosofía venidera avanza hacia una reflexión liberada del yo, capaz de experimentar lo (...) no-dicho por la totalidad subjetivista. Luego, se señala por qué la búsqueda de una relación sujeto-objeto distinta a la de la síntesis se concentra en la objetividad estética. A continuación, se indica la aproximación entre verdad y belleza efectuada por el filósofo y se sugiereuna conexión entre tal aproximación y la actualización benjaminiana de la filosofía platónica, fundamentalmente, la asociada a la figura medial de Eros. Por eso, finalmente, se expone el abordaje de la búsqueda tensional del δαίμων como la vía benjaminiana para desmontar la concepción misteriosa de la verdad y afirmar, en cambio, su carácter enigmático. (shrink)

La epistemología social es un área de estudio que fue propuesta por dos bibliotecarios.

This article postulates that the criticality of epistemology elaborated by Walter Benjamin and Theodor W. Adorno is based not so much on the reformulation of a philosophical praxis against modern reason, but mainly on the metamorphosis of the concept of truth. Specifically, it is affirmed that the critique of modern reason carried out by both thinkers is associated with the determination of the temporal nucleus of truth as negativity and mourning. In the context of a rational crisis, Benjamin and Adorno (...) open the possibility of a relationship with objectivity in the form of a critical interpretation of that temporal nucleus. This, linked to the dialectic of modern catastrophe, deals with exposing the fragments produced by the subjectivist super-determination governed by the logic of identity. To justify this, first, we explain the identification made by both philosophers between the temporal nucleus of truth and the concept of sad-negative truth; imbrication that tries to condense the consequences of the subjectivist constitution of reason. Then, we point out the conjugation of this definition of truth with the production of suffering. Next, we determine in what sense the negativity of the truth opens up the dialectical character of the modern catastrophe. Finally, we indicate the necessary association of such a critical epistemology with the historical apocatastasis. (shrink)